Intensification in fish farming has led to an increase in bacterial diseases which in turn has caused the increased use of antimicrobials in culture operations. Although the common routes of administration in aquaculture are through the use of medicated feed and by the addition of antimicrobial agents directly to the water (immersion therapy), both of these methods imply flock treatment of the animals. The term “antimicrobials” is any substance of natural , semisynthetic or synthetic origin that act against all types of microorganisms – bacteria (antibacterial), viruses (antiviral), fungi (antifungal) and protozoa (antiprotozoal). In India, a total of twenty-two antibiotics which includes chloramphenicol, nitrofurans, sulfonamides, glycopeptides etc., were banned for usage in aquaculture by the Coastal Aquaculture Authority. In spite of this, there are reports of usage of antibiotics as prophylactic and growth promoters in aquaculture. The most frequently used antimicrobials in aquaculture to combat bacterial diseases include oxytetracycline, florfenicol, sarafloxacin, and enrofloxacin. In addition to these, various antimicrobials are also in use globally for therapeutic and prophylactic use. It is necessary to determine effectiveness of the antibiotics by relating the accumulation levels with the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration of the drug that can treat bacterial infections among farmed aquatic animals.............. Read this story to know more……….. To read full article Subscribe too

Danios are members of the Cyprinidae family that are ideal for aquarium keeping. While larger Danios such as the zebrafish (Brachydaniorerio) have been popular in the aquarium hobby for decades, the smaller ones of the genera Rasbora and Boraras are ideal for aquascaping and nano-aquarium communities. Danios are suitable for planted tanks because they won’t eat the water plants. Due to their smaller size (sometimes only 2 to 3 centimeters) they proportionally fit most aquascapes pretty well..……....... Read to know more…... To read full article Subscribe too

Shrimp aquaculture in the country continued to battle tough times at both farming and hatchery fronts facing production, market as well as price issues. Tiger shrimp farming which was expected to make a sizable contribution to the production in Andhra Pradesh this year has also run into problems with farmers unable to reach the targeted 20C sizes due to various production issues. In an interesting development this year, several farmers are also trying out polyculture of Shrimp (both Tiger as well as vannamei) with fish like tilapia and chanos and the results are reported to be encouraging............ Read to know more.......…....... ... To read full article Subscribe too